Course code ZO – VAC –ENV – 401 | Course title ENVIRONMENT - II |
UNIT: 1 Types of Environmental Pollution | 1.1.1 Water pollution: Introduction Water Quality Standards, Sources of Water Pollution: Industrial Agricultural, Municipal; Classification of water pollutants, Effects of water pollutants,Eutrophication. 1.1.2 Marine Pollution 1.1.3 Air pollution:Composition of air, Structure of atmosphere, Ambient Air Quality Standards.Classification of air pollutants, Sources of common air pollutants like PM, SO2NOx, Natural & Anthropogenic Sources, Effects of common air pollutants. 1.1.4 Land Pollution: Land uses, Land degradation; causes, effects and control, soil erosion. 1.1.5 Noise Pollution: Introduction, Sound and Noise, Noise measurements, Causes and Effects 1.1.6 Thermal Pollution: Causes and effects Role of individual in the prevention of pollution |
UNIT: 2 Energy Resources and Global | 2.1.1 Energy resources: Global and Indian energy demand scenario, future Projections, Conventional and Non-conventional sources of energy, Advantages and Limitations, Utilization, Exploitation and related Environmental problems, Environmental implications of Non-conventional Energy Sources. 2.1.2 Global Environmental Issues: Climate change, Global Warming and Green House Effect, Acid Rain, Depletion of Ozone layer. |
Important questions:
Short Answer Questions (1–2 Marks)
1. Define air pollution.
2.
Name two primary air pollutants.
3.
Give two sources of carbon monoxide in cities.
4.
What is acid rain?
5.
List two effects of sulphur dioxide on human health.
6.
Define particulate matter (PM 2.5 & PM 10).
7.
Name two greenhouse gases contributing to global warming.
8.
Define water pollution.
9.
What is eutrophication?
10.
Name two toxic heavy metals found in water.
11. Distinguish between point source and non-
point source pollution of water.
12. What is BOD in water quality assessment?
13. What is COD and its significance?
14.Define soil pollution.
15. Name two heavy metals contributing to soil toxicity.
16.Give one example of pesticide-induced soil pollution.
17. Define noise pollution.
18.
Mention two common sources of urban noise pollution.
19.Define marine pollution.
20.
Give one effect of plastic waste on marine life.
21. What is the greenhouse effect?
22.
Mention one effect of global warming on glaciers.
23.
Define ozone depletion.
24.
Name two ozone-depleting substances (ODS).
25. Mention some acts of the Indian government aimed at
controlling air or water pollution.
Long Answer Questions (3–5 Marks)
1. Discus the major sources, causes, and effects of air pollution in urban areas.
2. Explain the difference between primary and secondary air pollutants
with examples.
3. Describe how vehicular emissions contribute to smog formation.4. Explain the process of formation and environmental impact of acid rain.5. Discuss the causes and effects of water pollution in rivers and lakes.6. Explain eutrophication and its impact on aquatic biodiversity.7. Describe the major sources of heavy metal pollution in water and soil and
their health hazards.
8. Explain the differences between point source and non-point source water pollution.9. Describe water treatment methods to avoid contamination from chemical and microbial pollutants.10. Discuss the processes and consequences of soil pollution due to industrial and agricultural activities.11. Describe the environmental and human health hazards caused bypesticides and herbicides.
12. Explain the concept of biomagnification and its ecological significance.13. Discuss the causes, sources, and effects of noise pollution on humansand wildlife.14.Describe thermal pollution and its impact on aquatic ecosystems.15. Explain marine pollution, focusing on oil spills and plastic debris.16.Discuss the impact of global warming on the environment, includingtemperature rise and sea-level changes.
17. Explain the role of greenhouse gases in climate change.18. Discuss ozone layer depletion, its causes, consequences, and globalmeasures for protection.19. Explain the importance of environmental laws in India for air, water,and noise pollution control.20. Describe the provisions and impact of the Environment (Protection)Act, 1986.21.Explain the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and itsimportance.22. Discuss solid waste management strategies, including 3R principles(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle).
23. Explain the role of renewable energy sources in reducing environmentalpollution24. Discuss case studies of major environmental disasters caused byindustrial pollution (e.g., Bhopal Gas Tragedy).25. Describe the role of individuals in pollution prevention and sustainableenvironmental practices.26. Explain the impact of human population growth and industrialization onenvironmental pollution and strategies to mitigate it.